Bio-Solids (formerly called sludge) is a by-product of the treatment process. The Water Reclamation Facility generates approximately 9 million gallons of bio-solids (sludge) per a typical year. Disposal of bio-solids is the largest operating expense of the division. Disposal of our sludge is performed by contract using 2 methods. The more frequently used disposal method is land application on farm fields. This method can be in liquid or dry/cake form and is also the most economical method. The 2nd method is landfill disposal. This is used on a limited basis to keep permit status active and requires the bio-solids to be in dry/cake form which requires more processing.